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Goal Parser Interpretation

Difficulty: Easy

Problem Description

You own a Goal Parser that can interpret a string command. The command consists of an alphabet of "G", "()" and/or "(al)" in some order. The Goal Parser will interpret "G" as the string "G", "()" as the string "o", and "(al)" as the string "al". The interpreted strings are then concatenated in the original order. Given the string command, return the Goal Parser's interpretation of command.

Key Insights

  • The string can only contain characters "G", "()", and "(al)".
  • Each substring maps to a specific interpretation:
    • "G" -> "G"
    • "()" -> "o"
    • "(al)" -> "al"
  • We can iterate through the string and build the result based on the encountered characters.
  • The length of the command string is manageable (up to 100), so a straightforward parsing approach is efficient.

Space and Time Complexity

Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the command string. We traverse the string once. Space Complexity: O(1) for the output string if we consider the result as output space; otherwise, O(n) to store the output string.

Solution

To solve the problem, we can utilize a simple iterative approach. We will traverse the string command character by character. When we encounter:

  • "G", we append "G" to our result.
  • "(", we check the next character to determine if it forms "()" or "(al)":
    • If it forms "()", we append "o".
    • If it forms "(al)", we append "al". By following this approach, we can construct the final interpreted string efficiently.

Code Solutions

def interpret(command: str) -> str:
    result = ""
    i = 0
    while i < len(command):
        if command[i] == 'G':
            result += 'G'
            i += 1
        elif command[i] == '(':
            if command[i + 1] == ')':
                result += 'o'
                i += 2  # Skip the next character
            else:
                result += 'al'
                i += 4  # Skip the next three characters
    return result
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