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Capitalize the Title

Difficulty: Easy

Problem Description

You are given a string title consisting of one or more words separated by a single space, where each word consists of English letters. Capitalize the string by changing the capitalization of each word such that:

  • If the length of the word is 1 or 2 letters, change all letters to lowercase.
  • Otherwise, change the first letter to uppercase and the remaining letters to lowercase.

Return the capitalized title.

Key Insights

  • Each word's capitalization depends on its length.
  • Words with length 1 or 2 should be entirely in lowercase.
  • For longer words, only the first letter should be uppercase while the rest should be lowercase.
  • The input string does not contain leading or trailing spaces and consists of words separated by a single space.

Space and Time Complexity

Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the input string, as we need to iterate through each character. Space Complexity: O(n), for storing the result string.

Solution

To solve the problem, we can follow these steps:

  1. Split the input string into individual words using space as a delimiter.
  2. For each word, check its length:
    • If the length is 1 or 2, convert it to lowercase.
    • If the length is 3 or more, capitalize the first letter and convert the rest to lowercase.
  3. Join the transformed words back into a single string with spaces in between.
  4. Return the final capitalized string.

This approach utilizes a list to store the modified words and string manipulation functions to achieve the desired capitalization.

Code Solutions

def capitalizeTitle(title: str) -> str:
    # Split the title into words
    words = title.split()
    # Process each word based on its length
    capitalized_words = []
    for word in words:
        if len(word) <= 2:
            capitalized_words.append(word.lower())  # Lowercase for 1 or 2 letter words
        else:
            capitalized_words.append(word[0].upper() + word[1:].lower())  # Capitalize first letter and lowercase the rest
    # Join the processed words back into a string
    return ' '.join(capitalized_words)
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